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Objective To determine pathogens and epidemiological characteristics of adults with acute respiratory infection (ARI) in Beijing area.Methods During 2015,a total of 2 700 cases of ARI were sampled and detected for 9 respiratory pathogens including Legionella pneumophila type1 (LP1),mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP),qrickettsia (COX),chlamydia pneumoniae (CP),adenovirus (ADV),respiratory syncytial virus (RSV),influenza virus type A and B (INFA,IFVB) and parainfluenza viruses type1,2 and 3 (PIVs) using indirect fluorescence immunoassay.Results A total of 620 cases of ARI were tested positive with positive rate of 22.97％ (620/2 700).MP had the highest prevalence followed by LP1,INFB,COX,CP,PIVs,INFA,ADV and RSV in turn.There were 109 cases found mixed infection with the proportion of 17.58％ (109/620).Mixed infection of LP1 along with MP was the most common pattern.The highest detection rate of pathogens was observed in November,whereas the lowest in April in terms of months (x2 =31.288,P＜ 0.01).Different pathogens had distinct prevalent features.The prevalence of male was significant higher than that of female (x2 =6.402,P =0.011).As for stratificated by age,the middle-aged people had the highest infection rate (x2 =9.094,P=0.059).There was no significant difference between the out-and in-patient in terms of infection rate (x2 =0.114,P=0.736).Conclusion MP,LP1 and INFB accounted for ARI of adults in Beijing area during 2015.
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Objective@#To obtain recombinant major surface glycoprotein(rMsg)of Pneumocystis jirovecii(Pj) and survey anti-Pj rMsg IgG and IgM antibodies using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) among randomly selected sera from Beijing local children under 14 years of age.@*Methods@#ELISA method were established to detect anti-Pj rMsg IgG and IgM antibodies. We randomly selected sera of 201 cases who were under 14 years of age were screened.@*Results@#There were 78 cases in the age group of 1 day to 30 days, 33 cases in the group of 1 month to 12 months, and 90 cases in the group of 1 year to 14 years. The positive rates of anti-Pj rMsg IgG antibody in these three age groups were 10.3%(8/78), 21.2%(7/33), and 41.1%(37/90)respectively(χ2=21.190, P=0.000). The positive rates of anti-Pj rMsg IgM antibody were 6.4%(5/78), 39.4%(13/33), and 76.7%(69/90)respectively(χ2=84.260, P=0.000). The overall positive rates of anti-Pj rMsg IgG and IgM antibodies were 25.9%(52/201)and 43.3%(87/201)respectively(χ2=53.463, P=0.000). Among these, simultaneously IgG positive IgM positive, IgG positive IgM negative, IgG negative IgM positive and IgG negative IgM negative rates were 22.4%(45/201), 3.5%(7/201), 20.9%(42/201), and 53.2%(107/201)respectively.@*Conclusions@#The overall serological response rate after Pj exposure, either anti-Pj IgG or IgM antibody positive, was as high as 46.8% in children under 14 years of age in Beijing area. The positive rates of anti-rMsg IgG and IgM antibodies increased with age, with highest rate in age group of more than one years old.
ABSTRACT
Multi-Efficacy of One Drug (MEOD) refers to the traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) with diverse efficacies.MEOD,one of the important characteristics of TCM,is regarded as the basis of clinical rational drug use.However,there have been few reports on the MEOD research so far.In this paper,with rhubarb selected as a typical model drug,metabolomics and network pharmacology analysis are integrated to investigate the mechanisms of MEOD with the employment of the two animal models of constipation and jaundice.Then,the biological target network of MEOD is established for promoting the precision of the quality control and clinical use of TCM.